Lightweight Cryptographic Algorithms in IoT Communication: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

This review describes the lighting description language used for lightweight cryptographic algorithms. This paper focuses on a simple problem. How can small IoT devices protect data when power, memory and computing power are low? In the story, the meaning and main types of lightweight cryptography are explained. In addition, it also introduces the common usage in RFID system, wireless sensor networks and smart grids. This review compares LED, PRESENT and KTANTAN. These algorithm will reduce the cost and energy consumption, but there are still attack problems such as fault attacks and side-channel attacks. The paper also discusses the reuse of hardware, the design of composite field, the simplification of software and parallel processing. The last part is 5G, edge computing, attribute-based encryption and hybrid encryption. The main results are clear. Although Lightweight cryptography contributes to the security of IoT, every design needs to be fully tested and continuously improved.