A Review of Research on the Cascaded Utilization of Power Batteries for New Energy Vehicles—Multi-Scenario Applications

Abstract

With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the scale of retired power batteries continues to grow, making cascade utilization an important path to achieve battery resource recovery and low-carbon development. This paper systematically reviews the policy framework, core technologies, engineering applications, and industrial development status of power battery cascade utilization both domestically and internationally. It compares and analyzes the differences between Europe, the United States, Japan, and my country in research directions, technological focuses, and industrial models. The summary reveals that foreign countries emphasize precision technology R&D, full-cycle benefit assessment, and high-end energy storage applications, while China focuses on engineering implementation and large-scale development across the entire industry chain. However, it faces challenges such as weak basic theoretical foundations, inconsistent standards, and insufficient localization of core equipment. Finally, based on industry hot spots, the paper summarizes future mainstream development directions such as echelon utilization, digital traceability, and new energy storage integration, aiming to provide a reference for subsequent research and standardized development of the power battery cascade utilization field.